Opponents of the death penalty who thought their cause would gain some additional traction through the latest challenge to the lethal injection protocol under attack in Baze v. Rees, No. 07-5439 were quickly disabused of that notion given the skeptical response from both conservative and liberal justices on the issue. During oral argument on Monday, Donald B. Verrilli Jr., lead counsel for two inmates on Kentucky death row who are facing imminent execution with the use of the three-part drug cocktail, was peppered with questions from all sides.
Verrilli was forced to concede early on that theoretically his clients would have no case if the first drug, a barbituate used for anesthesia, could be guaranteed to work perfectly by inducing deep sleep. But Verrilli also countered that the use of a powerful barbituate would serve as a viable alternative to the questionable three-chemical protocol, given its propensity to act quickly and effectively. Secondly, administration of the barbituate would not necessarily require the assistance of medical personnel, always problematic in the course of the administration of the death penalty since physicians’ ethical code prohibits them from participating in executions. However, Verrilli met even more resistance on this point from Chief Justice John Roberts who asked what the court should do if he were to prevail at the Supreme Court and convince the court to order new protocol involving the administration of a single drug, like barbituate, and the next case is brought by someone complaining that the single-drug protocol is suspect because it has never been tried. Further, the Chief Justice mused, what if the inmate objected to the method of using a powerful barbituate because it would render his death “undignified,” meaning that expiration would be accompanied by tics, starts, muscle spasms and twitching as the drug worked its way to the bitter end of death. The same objections leveled at the current three-part drug protocol would then be used to dismantle exactly what the anti-death penalty crowd was supporting at present. So went the questioning for the next twenty minutes.
Surprisingly, Justice Stephen Breyer posed what is probably the most damaging question of all. Justice Breyer wanted to know exactly what proof existed within the scientific literature supporting the claim that the single-drug protocol was more effective than the current one being employed in 36 states. Breyer then pointed out that the scientific articles cited in the briefs filed by inmates were incomplete and confusing. “So, I’m left at sea,” Justice Breyer commented. “I understand your contention. You claim that this is somehow more painful than some other method. But which? And what’s the evidence for that? What do I read to find it?” All very good questions since there is a paucity of evidence to date to show that there is widespread mismanagement of the current three-chemical protocol insofar as evidence of any botched executions.
Prediction? The Supreme Court will issue a ruling on the case fairly quickly so as to dismantle this de facto moratorium on capital punishment. The Court will hold the Kentucky protocol adequate and operating within applicable safeguards but will put off ruling on an Eighth Amendment challenge to another day. And then, let the executions resume.